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AUTHOR
Who wrote the resource?
Google the authors. Background information matters.
What else did they write?
Are they affiliated with any associations, organizations, etc. that would be a conflict of interest?
Conflict of interest = bias.
If you can't find out who wrote the resource, walk away.
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Intention is everything.
Why did the author write this piece?
Was the intent to educate, persuade, share knowledge, or sell something?
In other words, what motivated the author to publish this work?
For websites:
Look for the 'About Us' section.
Google the website's title/authors to see if anything has been reported as a source of fake news.
Can you find any information about the credentials and backgrounds of affiliated writers, editors, publishers, or domain owners? You should be able to locate this information easily on the website (you know, if they want you to find it.)
Is there a 'Legal' or 'Disclaimer' section?
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CURRENCY
What date was the resource published?
Do you need to find up-to-date current information?
Does the resource's publication date fit the required date range of your assignment?
If you are on a website, can you find when the site was last updated?
If a website has not been updated in over a year, walk away.
TRUTH
How accurate and reliable is the resource?
Are there typos and spelling mistakes throughout the text?
Can you verify any claims in other sources?
Follow the rule of three - You should be able to back up claims in at least three other sources.
If the language of the resource seems WILD! OUTLANDISH!! SCANDALOUS!!! with a bunch exclamation marks, walk away.
Truth time.
Just because you found something from a reputable site does not mean the site cannot contain shoddy research, misinformation, or false claims.
UNBIASED
There is no such thing as unbiased. We all have biases.
What we are looking for are resources that are impartial.
If a resource tells us up front that they have a particular mission or viewpoint, that's great. It's when folx try to hide their biases that we run into trouble.
Who funded the research?
Research is expensive so follow the money. The funders might have a vested interest in the outcome of the research.
Remember when we Googled the authors? Did you uncover any conflicts of interest?
There is no such thing as unbiased. We all have biases.
What are your own viewpoints on the topic?
Are you selected resources that confirm your own biases?
How you feel about a topic will affect the way you search and use the information that you find.
PRIVILEGE
Privilege in publishing = mostly white male scholars and researchers.
Ask yourself, are they the only folx that research and write about the topic?
I mean, do only white males research and write about their findings? (HINT: NO!)
Who is missing from the research conversation?
Really look at the methodology section. Really look.
Who participated? Or more importantly, who didn't?
Can the results to applied to a 'general' population?
(Example: If a study only researched white females with breast cancer and the efficacy of a certain drug, can we use the findings to say the drug would be beneficial to Native American women with breast cancer?)
Scholarship exists outside of scholarly articles.
Take time to search for sources/authors who are not represented in the databases so that your research is well-rounded and inclusive.
Try searching for books, blogs, zines, open access journals, and other alternative media.​​
What about you?
Another aspect of privilege is access.
Who else has access to the resource you found?
Is it protective behind a paywall? Do you need an academic affiliation to read the resource?
What does that mean for folx doing research without the same access as you?